Bad breath: Causes, Remedies

Bad breath is a condition in which the breath smells, originating in the mouth. People with bad breath often feel confused, lose confidence when communicating. So what is the cause and cure for bad breath?

1. The cause of bad breath

The main cause of bad breath is the release of volatile sulfur compounds in the oral cavity. Here are the reasons why this compound evaporated.

1.1 Bad breath due to bacteria

The volatile sulfur compound is due to anaerobic bacteria that break down Gram-negative proteins. These bacteria are usually located in stagnant areas of the mouth, such as periodontal pocket, tongue surface or interstitial area between teeth and in lesions of tooth decay.

1.2 Temporary cause of bad breath

• When eating foods that contain desiccants, such as alcohol, tobacco, or foods that provide high levels of protein, sugar, such as milk, decomposition in the mouth will release amino acids that are very high in many sulfur compounds;
• Onions and garlic are also high sulfur foods, which can pass through the intestinal lining into the bloodstream, then release into the lungs and evaporate out;
• Smoking both increases the content of volatile substances in the mouth and lungs, and the bad breath is exacerbated by it, which affects and dries out the oral mucosa;
• Smelling breath in the morning after waking up is also associated with reduced saliva production and secretion, resulting in temporary dry mouth and bad breath.

1.3 The cause of bad breath comes from the mouth

• Periodontal and gum diseases such as gingivitis, periodontitis, or acute necrotic gingivitis, inflammation around the crowns, peri-implantitis, abscesses cause bad breath;
• Malignant sores, local causes, aphthous or some drug effects also cause bad breath;
• Reduce age of saliva production, use of drugs, radiation, chemotherapy, Sjogren syndrome cause bad breath;
• Poor oral hygiene, tongue residues, or Candida infections can also cause bad breath;
• Deposition of debris on orthodontic appliances such as dentures, appliances, etc. is one of the causes of bad breath;
• Bone conditions such as osteomyelitis, bone necrosis, or dry tooth inflammation and other malignancies can also cause bad breath.

1.4 Other causes of bad breath

Frequent bad breath can be due to causes outside the mouth such as:

• Use of some drugs: Drugs that can cause bad breath such as amphetamine, chloral hydrate, cytotoxic drugs, dimethyl sulphoxide, disulfiram, nitrate and nitrite, phenothiazine;
• Systemic conditions: Nasopharyngeal infections such as respiratory disorders (nose, sinuses, tonsils, pharynx), which can lead to bad breath;
• Stomach - intestinal diseases: Bad breath is considered a typical and frequent symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria also causes stomach ulcers, and this is also the cause of halitosis;
• Diabetes, liver, kidney disease, ... also lead to the risk of bad breath due to the breakdown of body fat;
• Rotten fish odor syndrome: This is a very rare genetic syndrome. The reason is that the body has a metabolic disorder, does not metabolize trimethylamine in foods that smell fishy, ​​causing chemicals to build up inside the body, especially in the liver, before it is excreted. go out.

Related: The Truth About Halitosis, Bad Breath Answers

2. How to cure bad breath

When detecting prolonged bad breath, patients need to see a doctor to determine the cause. Most often, the cause is due to poor oral hygiene and dental diseases. Therefore, first, the patient needs to go to the dental clinic to determine the cause coming from the mouth, if there is an infection in the mouth such as tartar, cavities, plaque, inflammation around the teeth, the patient should be taken The dental intervention first.

If bad breath is not due to the causes in the mouth or after dental interventions but still bad breath, then the patient needs to visit other specialties such as ear - nose - throat, digestive, urinary ... to with appropriate management interventions.

Some temporary treatments for bad breath include using chewing gum or mouthwash, mouth-spraying sprays after smoking cigarettes, and eating garlic onions.

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Consider using a number of medications that reduce salivary secretions that cause halitosis, and patients should also take frequent water supplements to avoid dry mouth.

To reduce and prevent bad breath, attention should be paid to oral hygiene. Need oral hygiene properly, brush your teeth 2 times / day, in the morning after waking up and at night before going to bed. Use floss, tongue scrapers and mouthwash to limit plaque formation. See your dentist every 4 to 6 months and make dental interventions when needed. After eating, rinse your mouth with a small sip of water to wash away any leftover food. Shaving your tongue daily helps to remove bacterial plaque on the tongue surface.